SystemInvestment Compliance & Surveillance

Shareholding Disclosure Monitoring

Shareholding disclosure on the issuer's own count, with every filing drafted the day a threshold is crossed

Filings drafted the day a threshold is crossed, on the issuer's own voting-share count.

See one case, screen by screen ↓
demo186,412positionsread from 7 legal entities and 412 funds and mandates, reconciled by 7:10 a.m.
demo9,042issuerson threshold ladders in 40 countries, each with its deadline in trading days
demo5.02%on the issuer's own count of 48,210,000 voting rights — the stale vendor figure would read 5.16%
targetSamedayfrom a threshold crossing to a checked draft, against 1 to 2 days by hand
In short

What is Shareholding Disclosure Monitoring?

Shareholding Disclosure Monitoring is shareholding disclosure software that tracks 13D, 13G, 13F and global ownership thresholds and drafts each filing. Seven agents read every entity's positions each morning, aggregate them by each country's rule, read the issuer's own voting-share count, recompute every crossing independently and draft the notification in the regulator's form and language. The regulatory reporting manager prepares, Legal approves, and nothing is filed unseen.

AI in asset management: a buyer's guide to agentic AI for investment managers →

Updated

The problem

Why shareholding disclosure is hard: who counts, which count, and the clock

Shareholding disclosure is the duty to tell a regulator and the issuer when your aggregate holding in a listed company crosses a threshold: 5% in the US, where beneficial ownership reporting runs on Schedules 13D and 13G; 3% and up in the UK and Germany, every 1% change in Japan, extra bylaw thresholds at some issuers, in about 40 markets with clocks of two to five trading days — plus the quarterly Form 13F. The arithmetic is easy. The hard parts are which funds, entities and mandates count under each country's rule, by voting power or investment power; the issuer's current voting-share count, which a data vendor often carries stale; and the clock.

Today a rules engine flags crossings on a vendor's share count, and a compliance analyst checks every denominator against the issuer's own filing — often in German, Japanese or Swedish — works out which holdings count, and types the form by hand from spreadsheets, with no record of which number came from where. A capital increase the vendor missed, a buyback that causes a passive crossing with no trade, a bylaw threshold nobody coded or a clock missed over a local holiday is how a filing ends up late. In September 2024 the SEC charged 11 managers for missing Form 13F filings and 23 filers for late Schedule 13D, 13G and Section 16 reporting.

typical23filerscharged by the SEC on September 25, 2024 over late Schedule 13D, 13G and Section 16 reports
typical$40K–$750Kper entitypenalties in those orders
typical11managerscharged on September 17, 2024 for failing to file Form 13F
Where a crossing's working hours go, from alert to a draft Legal can signestimated
By hand14 days
With the solution2.3 days
  • Triaging the morning's alerts and data breaks2 → 0.3 d
  • Checking the vendor's share count against the issuer's filing4 → 0.3 d
  • Working out which funds and mandates count under the country's rule3 → 0.3 d
  • Typing the notification in the regulator's form and language3 → 0.5 d
  • Second check and Legal sign-off2 → 1 d

Estimated split for one crossing at a global asset manager, by hand and with the solution.

How it works

How a morning's positions become filed notices

Seven agents aggregate, read the denominator, recompute and draft; the preparer prepares and Legal approves.

What comes in
Positions in186,412 positions a day · book of record, OMS, custodians, lending, issuer filings
Agents at work
Intake agentread and reconcile
Then
Aggregation agentby each country's rule
Denominator agentissuer's own filing
Then
Check agentrecompute, blind
Rules agentthresholds and clocks
Then
Drafting agentthe form, every field cited
Pre-trade agentwarns before an order
A person decides
Preparer, Legal, head of tradingprepare, approve, decide
What comes out
Filed notices with receipts
Pre-trade warnings
Regulator export
One case, step by step

One shareholding disclosure, from the morning's positions to a filed notice

On Wednesday, October 14, 2026, Quillfield Capital's European Equity Fund buys 96,500 shares of Kestrel Bau AG, a German construction company listed on Xetra. Quillfield now holds 5.02% of the voting rights. It is Thursday morning in New York. Here is what happens next, screen by screen, in the working solution.

  1. 01Thursday, 7:10 a.m.

    The agents have already worked the night's positions

    Priya Raman · Regulatory reporting manager

    Priya opens Today: 5 filings owed, next due Mon Oct 19, none late; 17 issuers within half a point of a rung; 9,042 issuers monitored; 0 late filings this year, 247 filed. Her Needs-you list puts Kestrel Bau AG first: draft notification v1.2 ready for review, agents agree on 5.02%, due Tue Oct 20. Beside it, each agent reports its morning in a sentence.

    “Priya Raman reviews · Legal approves · nothing is filed unseen”

  2. 02One question

    She asks why 48,210,000, in plain words

    Priya Raman and the Denominator agent

    Priya asks the agents why Kestrel's denominator is 48,210,000. The Denominator agent answers with its sources: Kestrel Bau's own §41 WpHG notice of September 30, 2026; the data vendor still shows 46,900,000 as of June 30 and misses the September 28 capital increase. On the issuer's figure the holding is 5.02%; on the vendor's it would read 5.16%.

    Every answer links to the passage it came from, and the question is kept on the audit trail.

  3. 035:30 to 7:10 a.m.

    186,412 positions from 7 entities, reconciled first

    Intake agent

    The Intake agent read the book of record, the order management system, three custodians, the fund administrator, the securities lending agent, the issuer filings feeds and the data vendor. Custodian C in Asia arrived 22 minutes late; the agent retried every 10 minutes and read it at 06:52. Of three reconciliation breaks it explained two — a trade-date difference at Corbel Therapeutics and the late file — and left one, a fund that moved entity at Castellan Retail, for an analyst to confirm.

    “The run never uses yesterday’s file.”

  4. 04The ladders

    Every issuer on its country's threshold ladder

    Rules agent

    Each bar is Quillfield's aggregate holding climbing past that country's rungs, with a chip on a crossed rung counting the trading days left. Kestrel Bau crossed 5% on Oct 14: 4 trading days, Tue Oct 20. Oriel Logistics crossed 3% with no trade after the issuer canceled shares — a passive crossing, due Mon Oct 19. Valmorel SA crossed a 2% threshold in its own articles, and Lindqvist Medical AB is flagged because two issuer figures disagree.

  5. 05Open Kestrel Bau

    The work of six of the seven agents, step by step, with their confidence

    The agents

    The thread shows each agent's step and its source: the Intake agent read 6 accounts in 3 entities plus 41,000 shares on loan; the Aggregation agent counted 2,420,142 voting rights under Germany's rule; the Denominator agent read the issuer's notice. The Check agent recomputed from custodian statements, without seeing the first result, on a separate model: 2,323,642 settled plus 96,500 bought, 5.0200% — “Same to the share.”

    Rules agent: “Crossed Wednesday, October 14, so the last day is Tuesday, October 20 on the Frankfurt calendar.”

  6. 06Calculation

    Which holdings count in Germany, and which in the US

    Aggregation agent

    Under §34 WpHG the agent counts the five holdings where Quillfield votes at its own discretion, including the Halden County Pension Fund mandate whose clause 9.1 delegates voting. It leaves out the Northgate Municipal Pension mandate's 64,000 shares because the client keeps the vote — counted in the US view under Rule 13d-3, which reaches 2,484,142. The 41,000 shares on loan go on the form as an instrument under §38, 0.0850%.

  7. 07Denominator

    The issuer's own notice, German beside English

    Denominator agent

    The agent opens Kestrel Bau's “Veröffentlichung der Gesamtzahl der Stimmrechte gemäß § 41 WpHG”: 48,210,000 voting rights as of September 30, 2026, after a capital increase registered on September 28. The original German sits beside the agent's English translation, checked against the original. The vendor figure is shown, flagged and not used.

    “Issuer figures always win over vendor figures.”

  8. 08The draft

    The voting-rights notification, every field cited

    Drafting agent → Priya Raman

    The Drafting agent prepared the standard voting-rights notification to BaFin and the issuer: v1.2, 10 sections, 31 fields, the German on the left as it will be filed and English on the right for review. Checks before Legal all pass, from the independent recompute to the chain of control and the trading-day deadline. Priya can edit a field with a reason; she sends it to Legal as the preparer.

    “You are the preparer. Legal approves; you can never approve your own filing.”

  9. 09With Legal

    Legal approves with a reason code and an attestation

    Elena Brandt · General Counsel

    Elena opens Approvals and sees what she is signing: 2,420,142 = 5.02%, the issuer notice, Germany 5% crossed by trading, Tue Oct 20, the draft's fingerprint and the agents whose versions were in force. She chooses “Approve · figures and chain of control verified” and attests that she reviewed the calculation, the denominator source and the draft.

  10. 10Filed, same morning

    Submitted after approval, with the receipt on file

    Priya Raman · Regulatory reporting manager

    Only once Legal has approved does Priya submit. The filing shows Prepared, Checked, Approved and Submitted, with the receipt BaFin-MVP-2026-1015-0442 stored against it. Kestrel Bau is filed days ahead of its Tue Oct 20 deadline, on the issuer's own count.

    “Filed · Kestrel Bau AG · receipt BaFin-MVP-2026-1015-0442”

Who it’s for

Built for everyone who owns a disclosure.

The same crossing, seen by the five people who carry it — what their morning looked like, and what it looks like now.

PR
Priya RamanRegulatory Reporting Manager · New York · preparer
Regulatory reporting manager
Before
“Tell me what crossed, prove the number, and give me a draft I can send to Legal by noon.” Owns the morning monitor and every filing until Legal signs.
Now
Starts the day with crossings already aggregated, recomputed and drafted, each field cited; reviews and sends to Legal.
EB
Elena BrandtGeneral Counsel · London · Legal approver
General Counsel
Before
“I sign when I can see where every figure came from.” Approves the disclosures, with Daniel Cho on the US filings, and decides the judgment calls.
Now
Sees the calculation, the denominator source, the draft's fingerprint and the agents' versions on one screen, and approves with a reason code.
TR
Tomás ReyesCompliance Analyst · New York · Form 13F and 13G amendments
Compliance analyst
Before
“Half my morning used to be checking the vendor's share count against the issuer.”
Now
Handles only what the agents hand him — a data break, two issuer figures that disagree — and prepares Form 13F and the quarterly Schedule 13G amendments.
ML
Mei Lin TanCompliance Analyst, APAC · Singapore
Compliance analyst, APAC
Before
“Japanese filings, Japanese deadlines, and I need the English beside them.”
Now
Prepares the Japanese change report for Mizuhana Precision drafted in Japanese with English beside it, due Wed Oct 21 on the filing calendar.
GH
Graham HoltHead of Trading · London
Head of trading
Before
“Warn me before the order, not after the crossing.”
Now
Sees each pending order that would cross a rung, the deadline it would start and the largest size that stays below — and decides, with his reason logged.
Built on the engine

7 agents. Each with one job, and hard limits.

Seven agents aggregate, read the denominator, recompute and draft; the preparer prepares and Legal approves.

Intake agent

Reads end-of-day positions and pending orders from every legal entity — book of record, order management system, custodians, fund administrator and securities lending agent — and reconciles them, explaining each break.

  • Never edits a source record
  • Never fills a missing position
  • Never uses yesterday’s file
Aggregation agent

Sums holdings per issuer under each jurisdiction's rule — voting power, investment power, instruments and shares on loan — across entities, funds and mandates, and keeps the US view beside the local one.

  • Applies only rule versions Legal approved
  • Never changes the control chain
Denominator agent

Reads each issuer's voting-share count from its own filing in its own language — a §41 WpHG notice, a 10-Q cover page, a Japanese semiannual report — shows the original beside English and flags stale vendor data.

  • Issuer figure always beats vendor figure
  • Never chooses between two issuer figures; asks an analyst
Check agent

Recomputes every crossing from custodian records, blind to the first result, on a separate model family, before any draft exists.

  • Never sees the first result
  • A difference stops drafting and goes to an analyst with both workings
Rules agent

Applies country and issuer-bylaw thresholds and trading-day clocks on each exchange's calendar, and reads issuer articles for extra bylaw thresholds.

  • Proposes rule changes only; Legal approves
  • A legal judgment, such as a Section 16 question, goes to Legal
Drafting agent

Drafts each filing in the regulator's form and language with an English side — Schedule 13G/A in EDGAR XML, the German voting-rights notification, TR-1, the Japanese change report — and cites every field.

  • Never signs
  • Only an approved, unchanged version is submitted
Pre-trade agent

Reads pending orders and warns the head of trading when an order would cross a rung, with the deadline it would start and the largest size that stays below.

  • Never blocks, routes or resizes an order
  • The desk decides; its reason is logged
Preparer, Legal, head of trading

Prepare, approve, decide. The agents propose; a named person decides.

Ask in plain words

Ask the agents about any holding, in plain words

Ask about any holding, threshold, denominator, order or filing. The agents answer from this morning's run and cite each source.

Why is Kestrel Bau at 5.02% and not 5.16%?

Because the issuer's own count is 48,210,000 voting rights after a September capital increase; the vendor's 46,900,000 is from June. 2,420,142 ÷ 48,210,000 = 5.02%, and the Check agent agrees from custodian records.

What is due this week?

Five filings are owed. Nearest first: Oriel Logistics N.V. Mon Oct 19 (with Legal), Kestrel Bau AG Tue Oct 20, Valmorel SA Tue Oct 20 (bylaw), Mizuhana Precision K.K. Wed Oct 21, Corbel Therapeutics Fri Nov 6. Form 13F and nine Schedule 13G amendments are due Mon Nov 16.

Which pending orders would cross a threshold?

The 8:31 a.m. buy of 180,000 Harbourline Group plc would take Quillfield from 9.97% to 10.08% of 163,640,000 voting rights; a TR-1 would be due within 2 trading days. The largest buy that stays below 10% is 49,091 shares. Graham Holt decides.

What does Corbel above 10% mean?

Corbel Therapeutics is at 10.12%. Quillfield is a qualified institution, so a Schedule 13G/A is due within five business days after October ends: Fri Nov 6. On Section 16, Rule 16a-1(a)(1) excludes shares a registered adviser holds for clients in the ordinary course, so I see no Form 3. That is a legal judgment; Daniel Cho or Elena Brandt confirms.

Every screen

The working solution, as it ships.

13 screens from the working solution, on its sample data. Pick one to see it large.

TodayThe shareholding disclosure morning: filings owed, issuers approaching a threshold, the Needs-you list by deadline and what each agent did overnight.
Ask the agentsA plain-language question about a denominator, answered by the Denominator agent with the issuer notice and the stale vendor figure cited.
Threshold laddersEach issuer's aggregate holding against its country's disclosure thresholds, with trading days left on every crossed rung and the voting-share denominator's source.
Position intake186,412 positions from the book of record, order system, custodians and lending agent, reconciled before any threshold is tested, with each break explained.
The agents' work on one issuerIntake, aggregation, denominator, independent recompute, the rule and its trading-day clock, and the draft — step by step, with confidence and sources.
Aggregation by country ruleEvery fund and mandate counted or left out under §34 WpHG, beside the US beneficial ownership view, with shares on loan as instruments.
The issuer's own countThe issuer's German voting-rights notice beside its English translation, and the stale vendor figure flagged and not used.
The drafted notificationA major shareholding notification in the regulator's language with English beside it, every field cited, and the checks before Legal.
Legal approvesWhat Legal is approving — holding, denominator, threshold, deadline, draft fingerprint — with reason codes and an attestation.
Filed, with the receiptPrepared, checked, approved and submitted, with the regulator's receipt stored against the filing.
Pre-trade warningsPending orders that would cross a disclosure threshold, the filing clock they would start and the largest size that stays below.
The filing calendarEvery filing owed, by deadline — the AFM substantial holding notification, the German voting-rights notification, a bylaw notice, the Japanese change report, Schedule 13G/A amendments and Form 13F — with preparer, approver and SLA.
Disclosure thresholds and warningsThe approaching band, pre-trade warning, Check agent tolerance, denominator confidence floor, stale-denominator age and draft-by time, each change proposed and approved by Legal.
Governance

Built for shareholding disclosure: cited, recomputed, approved, on the record.

Every value cites its sourceEach holding, denominator and form field links to its source passage — a position file row, the issuer's filing page, the rule text — and the original language sits beside the English.
Two agents must agree firstThe Check agent recomputes every crossing from custodian records, blind, on a separate model family. Beyond a tolerance of 0.0001 points, drafting stops and an analyst gets both workings.
Maker-checker on every filingThe preparer prepares and can never approve their own filing; Legal approves with a reason code and an attestation, and nothing is submitted before approval. A filing not approved at T−1 escalates to the General Counsel and CCO.
The agents never guess and never tradeAn issuer figure always beats a vendor figure; when two issuer figures disagree the agent stops and asks. The Pre-trade agent warns but never blocks, routes or resizes an order — the desk decides.
Rules and agents change only with LegalJurisdiction rules, issuer bylaw thresholds and agent instructions and models are versioned. The administrator proposes, Legal approves, and every run records the versions it used.
An append-only trail and a regulator exportWho did what, when, why and on which evidence, for every person and agent, each entry fingerprinted. One export holds each filing's calculation, sources, recompute, approval, receipt and versions, kept 7 years.
Configuration

Your thresholds and controls, approved by your Legal team

The bands, tolerances and aggregation choices every crossing is tested against are settings. Changes that affect a filing are proposed, then approved by Legal.

SettingDefaultChoose from
Approaching band0.50 pointsShow an issuer as approaching within this many points of a rung
Pre-trade warning0.25 pointsWarn the desk when an order would end within this many points, or cross
Check agent tolerance0.0001 pointsLargest difference between the two calculations before drafting stops
Denominator confidence floor90%Below this, the Denominator agent asks an analyst
Stale denominator35 daysAn issuer figure older than this is re-read from the issuer's filings
Draft by4:00 p.m. localDrafts ready the day of the crossing
Mandates where the client keeps the voteOnLeft out where the rule counts voting power only; kept where investment power counts
US disaggregation (Release 34-39538)OffReport each business unit separately where information barriers exist
Connections

Works with the systems your positions already live in

Book of recordend-of-day positions from portfolio accounting, every legal entity
Order management systemexecutions and pending orders, read live for pre-trade warnings
Custodians and fund administratorsettled holdings statements, the Check agent's separate path
Securities lending agentshares on loan and recall rights
Issuer filings feedsEDGAR, EDINET, national storage and exchange news, in the original language
Regulator portalsEDGAR, BaFin, FCA, AFM, EDINET, ASX and HKEX, used only after approval
What it changes

The difference, in numbers.

Every figure is labelled: a target the solution is built to, an estimate, a typical published result, or a proven one.

target
0late
filings across 40 countries, where SEC penalties run $40,000 to $750,000 per entity
247 filed this year
all on time (sample)
target
100%
of percentages on the issuer's own count, read in its own language, not a stale vendor figure
Vendor count46.9M · reads 5.16%
Issuer's notice48.21M · 5.02%
target
Sameday
from a threshold crossing to a checked draft, against 1 to 2 days by hand
By hand1–2 days
With agentssame morning

“demo” = seen in the working solution, on its sample data · “target” = the design goal, measured in the live solution · “estimated” = our estimate · “typical” = published figures (SEC press release 2024-148, September 25, 2024, and Morgan Lewis, October 2024 — 23 filers charged over late Schedule 13D/13G and Section 16 reports, entity penalties $40,000 to $750,000; 11 managers charged on September 17, 2024 over missing Form 13F filings; SEC Release 33-11253 on Schedule 13D and 13G deadlines). Quillfield Capital and the people, issuers, funds and filings named on this page are fictional — characters and sample data in the working solution.

Questions

What compliance and legal teams ask us about shareholding disclosure.

What is Shareholding Disclosure Monitoring?

Shareholding Disclosure Monitoring is shareholding disclosure software that tracks 13D, 13G, 13F and global ownership thresholds and drafts each filing. Seven agents read every entity's positions each morning, aggregate them by each country's rule, read the issuer's own voting-share count, recompute every crossing independently and draft the notification in the regulator's form and language. The regulatory reporting manager prepares, Legal approves, and nothing is filed unseen.

When is a Schedule 13G filing due, and how does it keep track?

The rules library holds the US clocks: a Schedule 13D filing within 5 business days, a qualified institution's Schedule 13G within 45 days after quarter end, and an amendment within 5 business days after month end when it passes 10%. The Rules agent counts every deadline on the exchange's calendar, and the filing calendar shows each one with its preparer, approver and SLA. In the working solution the agents draft all nine quarterly Schedule 13G amendments in one go.

How does it prepare the Form 13F filing?

The Form 13F workbench matches every holding to the SEC's Official List of Section 13(f) securities — 3,912 rows and $412.6 billion in the sample quarter — explains each exception and produces the information table. It is due 45 days after quarter end, prepared by an analyst and approved by Legal.

Which shares outstanding figure is a holding measured against?

The issuer's own, read from its latest publication in its language: a 10-Q cover page in the US, a total voting rights notice under §41 WpHG in Germany, a semiannual report in Japan. The vendor figure is kept for reference only and flagged when it is stale. When two issuer figures disagree, the agent stops and an analyst chooses with a reason.

Does it cover major shareholding notifications outside the US?

Yes. The rules library covers 40 jurisdictions and 38 issuer bylaw thresholds, and the Drafting agent prepares the German voting-rights notification, the TR-1 notification of major holdings for the FCA, the AFM substantial holding notification and the Japanese large shareholding report and change report on EDINET, each with English beside the original. The library also holds Australia's substantial holder notice on Forms 603 and 604 and Hong Kong's disclosure of interests forms. It catches passive crossings too, where a buyback or capital change moves the denominator with no trade.

Can it warn the trading desk before an order crosses a threshold?

Yes. The Pre-trade agent reads pending orders and warns the head of trading 0.25 points before a threshold, with the resulting holding, the deadline the order would start and the largest size that stays below. The desk proceeds, holds or resizes with a reason; the agent never blocks or routes an order.

Do people stay in control of every filing?

Yes. The agents prepare and recompute; they never sign. The preparer sends each draft to Legal and can never approve their own filing, Legal approves with a reason code and an attestation, and only an approved, unchanged version is submitted. Rule and agent changes also need Legal's approval.

How long does it take to go live?

The Agentic Solution Engine builds and deploys it from your requirements and documents — your entity map and control chain, your rules and a sample of past filings — and it goes live once every quality gate has passed. We will walk you through it on your own holdings first.

See it on
your holdings.

We'll run Shareholding Disclosure Monitoring on a sample of your own positions, issuers and past filings.