SystemAirport & Ground Operations

Ground Handling SLA Management

Ground handling SLA management with every service credit backed by the flights behind it

Penalties collected, not waived: every SLA line backed by the flights behind it.

See one case, screen by screen ↓
demo812arrivalsmeasured flight by flight from the airline's own systems for one station's month
demo41flightsexcluded for thunderstorm ground stops, each against the FAA advisory and the ramp log
demo31of 31numbers in the statement recomputed from the raw scans before anyone signs
target90%of the service credits drafted collected, from 31%
In short

What is Ground Handling SLA Management?

Ground handling SLA management is how an airline holds each ground handler to the service levels in its station SLA — first bag and last bag, door open, handler-caused delays, mishandled bags, cleaning — and turns shortfalls into service credits. Ground Handling SLA Management gives the work to seven agents that measure every handler daily from the airline's own data, separate the misses the handler did not cause with their source, and draft the monthly penalty statement for the station manager to decide and sign.

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Updated

The problem

Why ground handling SLA management ends in waivers today

Ground handling SLA management is meant to hold each handler to the service levels written into its station's SLA beside SGHA Annex B: first bag and last bag on the belt after on-block, chocks-on to door open, handler-coded departure delays, mishandled bags, cabin cleaning audits, ground power. In practice the month's statement is built in a spreadsheet, weeks after month end, from the handler's own daily report — because the airline's own data sits in five systems.

Then the misses are argued. The SLA excuses thunderstorm ramp closures, FAA ground stops, airport-owned jet bridges and belts, and the airline's own instructions, but nobody can show which flight blocked in during which window. The airline changes a cabin standard without updating Annex B and then charges the handler for it. Without a flight list and a source, the station concedes, and most credits are waived for lack of evidence.

typical24millionbags mishandled worldwide in 2025
typical$6.3billionthe estimated cost of those mishandled bags
typical8.2%of US flights in July 2026 had an air carrier delay, a cause within the airline’s control
Where one station's monthly statement goes, in business daysestimated
By hand19.5 days
With the solution1.8 days
  • Collecting the handler's report and the airline's own data4 → 0.1 d
  • Arguing weather, ATC and airport windows flight by flight5 → 0.2 d
  • Applying the credit schedule, rounding and caps1.5 → 0.1 d
  • Writing the statement to the handler2 → 0.1 d
  • Line decisions, waivers and two signatures2 → 0.3 d
  • Answering the handler's disputes5 → 1 d

Estimated split for one station's monthly SLA statement, by spreadsheet and with the solution.

How it works

How a month becomes a statement

Seven specialist agents measure every handler daily, separate what the handler caused and draft the statement; the station manager decides and signs.

What comes in
Data in9 sources · on-block, belt scans, door events, delay codes, FAA, airport tickets
Agents at work
Measurement agentevery flight, every day
Then
Cause agentweather, ATC, airport, airline
Then
Contract agentcredits as written
Statement draftercontract language
Then
Checkerrecomputes, predicts the dispute
Response and renewal agentsdisputes, next contract
A person decides
Station Managerapproves, waives, signs
What comes out
Signed statement
Disputes answered
Renewal targets
One case, step by step

One station's month, from 812 flights to a signed SLA statement

Corvane Airways hands 19 stations to four ground handlers. In October at Miami, Vantrell Ground Services put the first bag on the belt within 15 minutes on 88.4% of arrivals, against 95%. In 2025 a number like that ended in a weather dispute and a waiver. Here is what happens now, screen by screen, in the working solution.

  1. 01Tue, Nov 3 · morning

    Five things need her, and the month is already closed

    Camila Restrepo · Station Manager, Miami

    Overnight the measurement agent closed October for 19 stations — 10,087 arrivals measured — and the agents drafted her Miami and Fort Lauderdale statements and checked every number twice. Her Today screen shows $18,500 drafted for Miami and 91.9% of credits collected since July. Each item has one action: review the Miami statement, decide where two agents disagree on Fort Lauderdale, review the answers to a handler dispute, open November, review the renewal proposals.

    Activity: “Checker recomputed all 31 numbers on VGS-MIA-2610 from the raw scans — all match; Vantrell’s own count differs on 3 flights (same credit).”

  2. 02The statement

    A letter to the handler, already in contract language

    Statement drafter

    The October statement to Vantrell opens as a letter on Corvane's letterhead, under SGHA 2023 Annex B (Miami) and SLA VGS-MIA-SLA-24, Schedules 2 and 3. One numbered paragraph per measure, every number underlined, the agents' open questions in the margin beside the paragraph they concern, and a running total: $18,500 plus $4,000 still open. The conversation with the agents sits beside the letter.

    “I drafted Vantrell’s October statement for Miami: 7 lines, $18,500 in service credits, and one line ($4,000) waits for you.”

  3. 03Watch the agents draft it

    What they read, step by step, and where they stopped

    The agents

    The measurement agent read 812 on-block times from the operations system, with none missing, and matched 87,140 belt scans: first bag within 15 minutes on 718 flights, 88.4%. The cause agent read the FAA advisories, the ramp lightning log and METAR for 31 days and excluded 41 misses on Oct 13–14 under Section 6.2(a). The contract agent applied Schedule 3 and the 10% cap, and the drafter wrote 7 paragraphs in the SLA's words.

    The cause agent “will not decide a late notice — asks the station manager.”

  4. 04She asks

    “What would line 1 be without the exclusions?”

    Camila Restrepo · Station Manager, Miami

    The contract agent answers: 718 of 812 is 88.4%, 6.6 points short, capped at 4 points — $29,000. That is the kind of claim Vantrell disputed in 2025, when Corvane waived $261,900 as “evidence disputed — weather”. Just above, the checker has already predicted the dispute: Vantrell's own report excludes 44 flights, not 41, which puts line 1 at 93.5% on their count — and the credit is the same $14,500.

    “With the storm flights shown, $14,500 is the number that holds.”

  5. 05The source

    Every exclusion opens the advisory it came from

    Cause agent

    Asked why the 41 flights are out, the cause agent gives the windows: the ramp closed for lightning on Oct 13 from 13:20 to 16:41 and 18:00 to 19:35, and on Oct 14 from 12:40 to 15:58 and 17:05 to 20:10, with FAA ground stops inside them. Section 6.2(a) excludes flights on block during the event or within 60 minutes after the ramp reopens: 19 on Oct 13 and 22 on Oct 14. A citation opens FAA ATCSCC advisories 038 and 047 with the words highlighted.

    “I excluded nothing outside the windows.” · 3 sources agree on every window.

  6. 06Behind a number

    One click from a number to the flights of the day

    Measurement agent

    Every underlined number opens the daily measurements behind it, from the same ground handling SLA monitoring the agents run every night: a 31-day strip of first bag against the 95% target, then the flights of any day. On Tue, Oct 13, 7 of 8 measured flights made it and 19 were excluded — CV 2603 from Lima blocked in at 13:36 and its first bag reached the belt at 14:20, 44 minutes, inside the storm window.

  7. 07A late notice

    Where the evidence is late, the agents ask her

    Camila Restrepo · Station Manager, Miami

    Twenty-two door-open misses met airport-owned jet bridge faults — D-17 on Oct 6–9 and D-21 on Oct 19–21, each proven by an airport maintenance ticket. But Vantrell reported the 9 at D-17 on Oct 12, after the 24-hour notice in Section 6.3. Excluding all 22 puts line 3 at 90.1%, met; only the 13 reported on time leaves 89.0% and a $4,000 credit. Camila excludes all 22 under A3, the event proven by another record, and agrees to keep 6 carousel 9 misses on Oct 22, where bags waited on carts for a crew.

    The cause agent never excludes a flight without a source and never decides a late notice.

  8. 08Waived, with a reason

    She waives the line Corvane caused

    Camila Restrepo · Station Manager, Miami

    Cabin cleaning audits passed 91 of 100, 91.0% against 95%: a $4,000 credit. The contract agent notes in the margin that 7 of the 9 failures are the seat-pocket check added by Corvane's own Cabin Standard CS-26-04 on Oct 8, not yet in Annex B. Camila waives it under W2, Corvane changed the standard, within her $10,000 authority. The drafter rewrites paragraph 6 as a waiver and tells the renewal agent to add the standard to Annex B.

    “Waive the $4,000 credit. Within your $10,000 authority. The reason goes into the statement and the audit trail.”

  9. 09Signed · two signatures

    Seven checks, two signatures, then it goes

    Camila Restrepo and Owen Whitlock

    Every line decided, margin questions answered, 31 of 31 numbers matched, every exclusion with its source, $14,500 inside the $41,288 cap. Camila signs; Owen Whitlock, Manager of Ground Handling Contracts, releases. The statement goes through the handler portal to Marcus Bell with the flight list — 812 rows, every time with its source — and the exclusion evidence pack. Response due Wed, Nov 18, 2026.

    “The agents cannot send. Sending needs both signatures.”

  10. 10The handler replies

    Each dispute checked against its evidence

    Response agent

    On Fort Lauderdale's September statement, Marcus Bell accepts lines 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 and disputes two. The response agent checks each: of the 9 weather flights on Sep 11, 6 blocked in inside the closure or the 60 minutes after, and 3 arrived after 17:25, so the line stays 1 point short at $3,000; airport ticket PBB-26-4210 confirms the C-7 bridge fault, so $2,200 comes off. The agreed amount would be $3,000 of $5,200 drafted — a person approves every answer.

    The response agent never answers the handler itself.

Who it’s for

Built for everyone who holds a handler to its SLA.

The same October statement, seen by five of the people who carry it — what the month looked like, and what it looks like now.

CR
Camila RestrepoStation Manager, Miami · approves her station's statement line by line
Station Manager
Before
Charged the handler from its own daily report, then lost the weather argument because she could not show which flights the storm held.
Now
Opens a drafted letter with every number underlined to its flights, answers the agents' questions in the margin, and signs.
OW
Owen WhitlockManager, Ground Handling Contracts · 19 station agreements, 4 handlers
Manager, Ground Handling Contracts
Before
Built statements in spreadsheets weeks after month end and settled disputes clause by clause, usually with a waiver.
Now
Runs ground handling contract management from the same evidence: releases each statement as the second signature and approves the proposed answer to every dispute.
PL
Patricia LindqvistDirector Airport Services · big waivers and renewal targets
Director Airport Services
Before
Saw a handler slide at two Florida stations only at the October review, two months after it began.
Now
Sees one handler across its stations month by month, with the cause the trend agent found, before the renewal.
MB
Marcus BellAccount Lead for Corvane, Vantrell Ground Services · 7 stations
Handler account lead
Before
Was sent a percentage, not the flights behind it, and disputed it.
Now
Receives the statement with all 812 flights and the evidence, and accepts or disputes each line on the handler portal.
HC
Hannah ChoAdministrator, Airport Systems · feeds, measures, rules and roles
Administrator
Before
Needed one definition of “first bag” for every station, one that does not drift.
Now
Keeps one versioned definition of each measure for every station, and the rules and approval limits in one place.
Built on the engine

7 agents. Each with one job, and hard limits.

Seven specialist agents measure every handler daily, separate what the handler caused and draft the statement; the station manager decides and signs.

Measurement agent

Every night, measures each SLA for each handler and station flight by flight from the airline's own systems — on-block times, belt scans, door events, ground power, delay codes, bag files and cabin audits — and raises an early warning when a measure is below target two days running.

  • Never measures from the handler's report
  • Marks a flight “no data” rather than guessing — no data is never treated as met
Cause agent

Separates the misses the handler caused from thunderstorm ramp closures, FAA ground stops and ground delay programs, airport-owned equipment faults, the airline's own instructions and security holds, applying Section 6.2 and the recovery window.

  • Never excludes without a source
  • Asks the station manager when a notice is late, the evidence is partial or sources conflict
Contract agent

Reads the SGHA, Annex B and the station's SLA clause by clause and applies the credit schedule exactly as written — the points, the rounding and the caps.

  • Never reads beyond the text
  • Flags ambiguous clauses to the contracts manager
Statement drafter

Writes the monthly statement to the handler in the SLA's words, every number underlined to the flights behind it, and redrafts a paragraph when the station manager decides a line.

  • Never sends
  • Never changes a number the checker has not matched
Checker

Recomputes every number independently from the raw data, compares it with the handler's own daily report and predicts what the handler will dispute and whether it changes the money.

  • Cannot approve
  • Its flags go to the station manager
Response agent

Reads each handler reply, maps every dispute to its flights and evidence, and proposes to accept or reject it with reasons.

  • Never answers the handler
  • A person approves every answer
Trend and renewal agent

Watches each handler across stations and months and drafts renewal targets, exclusions and credits from 12 months of results and the station managers' decisions.

  • Never changes a contract
  • Proposals need the Director
Station manager and contracts manager

Decide every line, sign every statement. The agents propose; a named person decides.

Ask in plain words

Ask about any handler, station, line or clause

Ask in plain words, from any screen. The agents answer with sources and can act — open the right statement, redraft a paragraph or record a waiver.

Which statements need me this week?

Two of yours: VGS-MIA-2610 (Miami, $18,500, 3 questions in the margin) and VGS-FLL-2610 (Fort Lauderdale, the agents disagree on line 3). Both are due to Vantrell by Fri, Nov 13, 2026 under Section 8.1.

How is Vantrell doing across its stations?

First bag is below 95% at 3 of 7 Vantrell stations in October — Miami 93.1%, Orlando 94.0% and Boston 93.7%; Fort Lauderdale is back at 95.4%. Miami and Orlando slid from August, when Vantrell moved 46 Florida ramp agents to Atlanta.

What have we collected in SLA credits this year?

Since the July pilot, 91.9% of the credits the agents drafted were agreed and collected — $196,900 of $214,300. In 2025 Corvane collected 31% of what it claimed, mostly losing weather disputes.

Why is Miami first bag below target this week?

Nov 1 and 2: 92.3% and 92.6% against 95%. The 4 misses are in the 14:00–16:00 bank with two loaders short on Vantrell's roster; there was no ramp closure, ground stop or airport fault. Vantrell had said Florida rosters would be refilled by Oct 31.

Every screen

The working solution, as it ships.

13 screens from the working solution, on its sample data. Pick one to see it large.

TodayThe station manager's day in ground handling SLA management: statements drafted overnight, what needs her, one action each, and what the agents did.
The SLA penalty statementThe monthly ground handling penalty statement, drafted as a letter to the handler under SGHA Annex B and the SLA, every number underlined, the agents' notes in the margin.
How the agents drafted itEach agent's step with the sources it read: on-block times, belt scans, FAA advisories, the ramp log, the credit schedule and the 10% cap.
Talk to the agentsThe station manager asks what first bag would be without the exclusions; the agents answer with the points, the cap and the handler's own count.
The source of an exclusionAn FAA ATCSCC ground stop advisory behind a weather exclusion, with the words the agent relied on highlighted.
Daily measurements behind a numberFirst bag on the belt within 15 minutes of on-block, day by day against the target, and every flight of the day with its result.
Events outside the handler's controlThunderstorm ramp closures, ground stops and jet bridge faults with their windows, flights and sources — and what was looked at but not excluded.
Waive a line with a reasonWaiving the cabin cleaning credit under W2 — the airline changed the standard — within the station manager's authority.
Sign-off and sendSeven checks before the statement goes to the handler, two signatures, the flight list and the exclusion evidence pack.
Handler responses and disputesThe handler's disputes line by line, beside the evidence, with the answer the response agent proposes for a person to approve.
Handler performance scorecardOne ground handler's KPI, first bag or door open, across its stations month by month, and the slide the trend agent found.
Service credits collectedGround handling service credits drafted, collected and waived by handler, before the agents and since the pilot, with every waiver's reason.
Your rulesThe weather and ATC recovery window, waiver authority, Director approval limit, early warning and the rules that stay locked.
Governance

Ground handling SLA management that holds up: sourced, signed, on the record.

Every number opens its flightsEach number in the statement opens the daily measurements and the flights behind it, each time with its source, and the measurement comes from the airline's own systems — the handler's report is read for comparison only.
Every exclusion names its sourceA flight is excluded only against an FAA advisory, a ramp lightning log, a weather observation, an airport maintenance ticket or an airline instruction. Late notices and partial evidence go to the station manager, never decided by an agent.
A person decides every lineThe station manager approves, challenges or waives each line with a reason code — approve A1–A3, waive W1–W5, challenge C1–C4 — and each decision is written into the statement and the audit trail.
Two signatures, and authority limitsNothing reaches the handler before the station manager signs and the contracts manager releases. Waivers above $10,000 and statements above $25,000 need the Director Airport Services.
Agents never send, waive or change a contractThey measure, explain, draft, check and propose. The checker recomputes every number from the raw scans before anyone signs, and renewal proposals need the Director.
An audit trail and an evidence packEvery action by a person or an agent is recorded with its source and cannot be edited, kept for the contract term plus 6 years. Each statement carries its own evidence pack, and the trail exports to CSV.
Configuration

Your SLA policy, set once

The recovery window, the approval limits and the rules the agents can never break are settings, versioned and on the audit trail.

SettingDefaultChoose from
Weather and ATC recovery window60 minStep up or down 15 minutes, from 30 to 120 minutes
Station manager waiver authority$10,000Step up or down $2,500, from $2,500 to $25,000
Director approval for statements above$25,000Total service credits in one statement
Early warning to the handlerOnOn · Off — when a measure is below target two days running, the agents draft a note for the station manager to send
Two signatures before a statement goesLockedStation manager and contracts manager
Agents never send, waive or change a contractLockedThey draft and propose; a person decides
Ask a person when a notice is late or the evidence is partialLockedThe cause agent never decides these
Measure from the airline's systemsLockedThe handler's own report is read for comparison only
Connections

Works with the systems a station already runs on

Operations systemACARS OUT/OFF/ON/IN, stand allocation, door events and ground power telemetry
Baggage systemsreclaim belt scans for first and last bag, mishandled bag files and attribution
Departure controlIATA delay codes and attributions
Weather, ATC and airport recordsFAA ATCSCC advisories, NWS METAR, ramp lightning logs, airport maintenance tickets
Contracts librarythe SGHA, Annex B and the SLA for each station, with schedules
Handler portal and accounts payablenotices, daily reports and responses; credit notes against handler invoices
What it changes

The difference, in numbers.

Every figure is labelled: a target the solution is built to, an estimate, a typical published result, or a proven one.

target
90%
of service credits drafted collected, from 31%
2025, spreadsheets31% collected
Target90%
target
+2pts
first-bag compliance at stations the agents flag
+2 points
within two quarters
target
85%
of monthly statements agreed without a dispute
202538% undisputed
Target85%

“demo” = seen in the working solution, on its sample data · “target” = the design goal, measured in the live solution · “estimated” = our estimate · “typical” = published figures (SITA Baggage IT Insights 2026, via CAPA — 24 million bags mishandled in 2025 at an estimated $6.3 billion; BTS on-time performance and delay causes, July 2026; IATA on the SGHA 2023 and the AHM 803 SLA). Corvane Airways, its handlers, stations' statements and the people named on this page are fictional — characters and sample data in the working solution; statement figures are illustrative.

Questions

What airlines ask about ground handling SLA management.

What is ground handling SLA management?

Ground handling SLA management is how an airline holds each ground handler to the service levels in its station SLA — first bag and last bag, door open, handler-caused delays, mishandled bags, cleaning — and turns shortfalls into service credits. Ground Handling SLA Management gives the work to seven agents that measure every handler daily from the airline's own data, separate the misses the handler did not cause with their source, and draft the monthly penalty statement for the station manager to decide and sign.

What are the KPIs in a ground handling SLA?

The working solution measures seven ground handler KPIs for each station, starting with first and last bag delivery times: first bag on the belt within 15 minutes of on-block, last bag within 30 minutes for narrowbodies and 40 for widebodies, chocks-on to door open within 3 minutes at jet bridge gates, departures without a handler-coded delay, handler-caused mishandled bags per 1,000, transit cabin cleaning audits passed and ground power connected within 5 minutes. Each has one versioned definition — start event, stop event, population and rounding — for every station.

How are ground handling SLA penalties calculated?

The contract agent applies the SLA's credit schedule exactly as written. In the Miami example, Schedule 3 counts each point or part of a point: 93.1% against 95% is 1.9 points, so 2 points at $7,250 — a $14,500 credit — checked against the cap of 10% of the month's handling charges.

How do airlines exclude weather and ATC delays from ground handling SLA penalties?

The cause agent matches each miss to an event the SLA excuses — a ramp lightning closure, an FAA ground stop or ground delay program, an airport-owned jet bridge or belt fault with a ticket, an airline instruction — and applies the recovery window. It never excludes without a source, and when the handler's notice was late or the evidence is partial it asks the station manager instead of deciding.

What is the difference between SGHA Annex B and the IATA AHM 803 service level agreement?

The IATA Standard Ground Handling Agreement is the template contract; Annex A lists the services and Annex B sets the location, the agreed services and charges for each station. The service level agreement, under AHM 803, is negotiated alongside Annex B for a specific location and sets the service delivery standards. The agents read all three, clause by clause.

How do you handle a ground handler's dispute of an SLA statement?

The handler accepts or disputes each line on the handler portal. The response agent maps every dispute to its flights and evidence and proposes to accept or reject it with reasons; the contracts manager approves, rejects or edits the answer, and agreed credits go to accounts payable as a credit note against the next invoice.

Do people stay in control of the penalties?

Yes. The agents never send, waive or change a contract. The station manager decides every line with a reason code, waivers above $10,000 and statements above $25,000 need the Director Airport Services, and nothing reaches the handler before two signatures — the station manager's and the contracts manager's.

How long does it take to go live?

The Agentic Solution Engine builds and deploys it from your requirements and documents — your SGHA, Annex B and SLAs, your operations and baggage data, and a past month of handler reports — and it goes live once every quality gate has passed. Setup ends with a test measurement on one past month, compared with the statement you signed.

See it on
your stations.

We'll run Ground Handling SLA Management on a past month of your own stations, contracts and handler reports.