SystemFinance, Procurement & Facilities

Single Audit Preparation

Single audit preparation that runs the mock audit first, with every sample cited and every finding signed before fieldwork

Repeat findings caught two months before fieldwork, each with a signed plan.

See one case, screen by screen ↓
demo62daysbefore fieldwork, a repeat finding signed with its corrective action plan
demo$0difference between the $968,042,615 federal awards schedule and the general ledger
demo420samplesdrawn with a recorded seed and tested the way the external auditor will test them
targetDaysnot weeksto gather the evidence for the auditor's request list
In short

What is Single Audit Preparation?

Single Audit Preparation is a set of agents that prepares a college or university for its single audit by running a mock audit before fieldwork. Seven agents build the schedule of expenditures of federal awards and tie it to the ledger, work out the expected major programs, test samples the way the external auditor will, and draft findings and corrective action plans. Grants accountants confirm what clears, and the Associate Controller signs every finding and every package before the auditor sees it.

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Updated

The problem

Why single audit preparation finds the findings too late

Single audit preparation starts when the fiscal year closes: every university, college and school district that spends $1,000,000 or more of federal awards in a year gets a Single Audit under 2 CFR 200 Subpart F. The controller's office pulls an ERP report by fund and fixes it by hand into a schedule of expenditures of federal awards: Assistance Listing numbers mapped wrong, cost share sitting in sponsored funds, Direct Loans and Perkins balances that are not in the ledger, pass-through identifiers missing. Then the auditor's request list arrives, a few hundred prepared-by-client items, and staff email departments and export reports from the grants system, effort reporting, payroll and the financial aid system.

Nobody tests the way the auditor tests until the auditor arrives. Exceptions surface at fieldwork, when the only remedy left is the corrective action plan, and the same effort, procurement, period-of-performance and enrollment-reporting findings come back year after year. A material weakness in a major program costs the institution its low-risk auditee status for two years. Single Audit Preparation runs the audit first: an auditor agent tests samples against the Compliance Supplement, a preparer agent answers from the systems of record, and the Associate Controller reads and signs the findings two months before the auditor writes them.

typical18 of 31findingswere repeats of earlier years in one state's 2023 statewide Single Audit
typical40%of federal spending must be audited as major for two years after a material weakness costs low-risk status, against 20%
typical9monthsafter year end at the latest, the reporting package is due at the Federal Audit Clearinghouse
Where a Single Audit's preparation staff-days goestimated
By hand55 days
With the solution13.5 days
  • Building the federal awards schedule and tying it to the ledger10 → 2 d
  • Working out the expected major programs and their risk2 → 0.5 d
  • Gathering evidence for the auditor's request list25 → 6 d
  • Testing samples the way the auditor will, before fieldwork10 → 3 d
  • Writing findings and corrective action plans5 → 1 d
  • Signing and releasing request packages3 → 1 d

Estimated split of the finance office's staff-days for one audit year, by hand and with the agents; our arithmetic, kept modest. The time to assemble request-list evidence is a design target, measured in a pilot.

How it works

How a mock audit runs

An auditor agent tests the way the external auditor will; a preparer agent answers from the systems of record; the Associate Controller signs.

What comes in
The systems of record2,140 awards · ERP, grants, effort, payroll, financial aid
Agents at work
Schedule agentbuilt and tied to the ledger
Major Program agentthreshold and risk
Then
Auditor agentsamples and test steps
Preparer agentevidence, cited
Then
Finding drafterfinding, plan, repeat check
Then
Request agentpackages, redacted
A person decides
Grants accountant and Associate Controllerconfirm, decide, sign
What comes out
Schedule tied to the dollar
Findings signed with plans
Packages released to the auditor
One case, step by step

One morning of single audit preparation, 62 days before fieldwork

Halden State University, fiscal year July 1, 2025 to June 30, 2026. It is Tuesday, September 15, 2026, and the external auditor, Ashford & Vale LLP, starts fieldwork on Monday, November 16. Here is the mock audit, screen by screen, in the working solution.

  1. 01Tuesday morning

    The schedule on top, today's samples below

    Priya Raman · Grants Accountant

    Priya opens the mock audit. The federal awards schedule sits in the top strip: $968,042,615 across 2,140 awards, tied to the ledger, with the three major clusters named and 62 days to fieldwork. Eight samples are queued for today's run, and the 420-sample plan shows what has cleared, what needs a person and what became a draft finding.

    Fieldwork begins Monday, November 16 — 62 days

  2. 02Four days earlier

    A schedule of expenditures of federal awards that ties to the dollar

    Schedule agent

    The ERP's own report said $970,359,495. The Schedule agent started from $695,440,495 in the ledger, took out $2,316,880 of institutional cost share and added $268,904,000 of Direct Loans and $6,015,000 of Perkins balances: difference $0. Each reconciling item became a cited adjustment, SA-01 to SA-03, and Priya approved all three on September 11.

  3. 03Before sampling

    The major program determination the auditor will make

    Major Program agent

    With $968.0M of federal spending, the Type A threshold is $3,000,000. Research and Development and Student Financial Assistance had findings last year that are not yet corrected, and TRIO was not audited as major in FY2024 or FY2025, so all three are high risk. Coverage is 98.9% against the 20% a low-risk auditee needs.

    The external auditor decides; this is what to plan for.

  4. 04Run today's samples

    Sample 23: equipment bought after the award ended

    Auditor agent

    The auditor agent runs the period-of-performance test on sample 23, $48,200 of equipment on award R01NS124417. The purchase order is dated July 11, 2025, and the ERP shows the award ending June 30, 2025, eleven days earlier. On the timeline, the purchase sits past the ERP date.

    The purchase order is dated July 11, 2025; the ERP shows the award ending June 30, 2025 — 11 days earlier.

  5. 05Seconds later

    The extension the ERP never recorded

    Preparer agent

    The preparer agent looks beyond the ERP and finds, in the grants system, a notice of no-cost extension sent June 12, 2025, with a revised end date of June 30, 2026. The purchase is inside the period, and the sample clears at 97% against a 95% threshold. The agent opens follow-up FU-118 to correct the ERP end date, and Priya can open the cited passage herself.

  6. 06Next in the rail

    Sample 41: an effort certification nobody signed

    Auditor agent

    Sample 41 is $38,412 of a postdoctoral researcher's salary at 60% on award CHE-2318406, July to December 2025. The effort report matches payroll but was never certified: it was due March 2, 2026 under policy FIN-412, and reminders on March 9, April 6 and May 4 went unanswered. With samples 133 and 247, 3 of 60 compensation samples are unsigned, $71,906 in all.

  7. 07Draft finding

    A repeat of last year, and why it repeated

    Finding drafter

    The Finding drafter writes DF-01, proposed number 2026-001, in the auditor's five-part form with $71,906 of known questioned costs, every sentence cited. It marks the finding as a repeat of 2025-003, when 4 of 60 were late, and says why last year's corrective action did not hold: reminders without escalation. The plan adds what was missing, with three actions, three owners and dates through December 31, 2026.

  8. 08Sign

    Only the Associate Controller signs the finding and its plan

    Renata Okafor · Associate Controller for Sponsored Accounting

    Renata signs DF-01 with a management position code, SGN-01 agrees, SGN-02 agrees in part or SGN-03 disagrees, writes the response for the auditor, and confirms she read the evidence for samples 41, 133 and 247. Priya, who prepared it, cannot sign.

  9. 09Signed

    Signed two months before the auditors arrive

    Renata Okafor

    DF-01 is signed on Tuesday, September 15, 2026, 62 days before fieldwork begins. The signature, the reason code and the evidence go on the audit trail, and the corrective action plan is in place before the auditor draws a single sample.

  10. 10Audit-ready

    Every decision on the record, exported as one pack

    Nadia Ferreira · Internal audit

    Nadia reads, filters and exports; she changes nothing. The trail shows Renata signing DF-01, the Finding drafter writing it and the auditor agent clearing sample 23 from the extension notice. One export carries the schedule, the major-program workpaper, all 420 sample results, the signed findings, the release log and the agent versions.

Who it’s for

Built for everyone who answers to the auditor.

The same audit, seen by the four people who carry it: what their autumn looked like, and what it looks like now.

PR
Priya RamanGrants Accountant, Sponsored Accounting · confirms what the agents clear
Grants Accountant
Before
Answers the auditor's requests from five systems. "I spend October finding documents I already filed."
Now
Watches each sample tested and answered with the document attached, confirms the clears with a reason code, and pushes back when she wants the auditor's next question.
RO
Renata OkaforAssociate Controller · signs the schedule, every finding and every package
Associate Controller for Sponsored Accounting
Before
Reads the findings when the auditor writes them, with only the corrective action plan left to fix.
Now
Reads each draft finding, its repeat history and its plan two months before fieldwork, and is the only one who can sign it. "I want to read our findings before the auditor writes them."
GW
Glen WhitakerDirector of Financial Aid · owns the Student Financial Assistance tests
Director of Financial Aid
Before
Learns about a late return or a late enrollment report at fieldwork. "A late return is a finding even when the money went back."
Now
Sees the Title IV special tests with results per test, decides the aid samples sent to him, and reveals a student only with a logged reason.
SM
Sofia MarchettiExternal Audit Liaison · runs the request list and the calendar
External Audit Liaison
Before
Chases 360 requests across departments and inboxes. "Nothing leaves this office unsigned."
Now
Sees every request with its owner, due date and status, and releases only packages the Associate Controller has signed.
Built on the engine

7 agents. Each with one job, and hard limits.

An auditor agent tests the way the external auditor will; a preparer agent answers from the systems of record; the Associate Controller signs.

Schedule agent

Builds the federal awards schedule by cluster, agency and Assistance Listing number from the ERP, the grants system and the federal loan record, ties it to the ledger and explains every difference.

  • Proposes adjustments; never posts an entry
Major Program agent

Works out the Type A threshold, the risk of each program, any Type B assessment and the coverage, as the external auditor will.

  • Calls it the expected determination; the auditor decides
Auditor agent

Draws samples the way the external auditor does, random with a recorded seed plus every high-dollar item, runs the Compliance Supplement test steps and challenges the evidence.

  • Never clears its own evidence
  • Below the confidence threshold, the sample goes to a person
Preparer agent

Answers each test step from the ERP, the grants system, effort reporting, payroll, the financial aid system and the document store, attaching the documents with the passage cited.

  • Never edits a source record
  • Says where it looked when it cannot find evidence
  • Masks student identifiers
Finding drafter

Writes failed tests as findings in the five-part form, compares them with the last three years of findings, says why a repeat repeated, and drafts the corrective action plan.

  • Never sends a finding to the auditor
Request agent

Assembles each package on the auditor's request list, indexes and redacts it, reminds owners and escalates past-due requests.

  • Never releases a package
Supplement agent

Checks daily for a new Compliance Supplement and, when one is issued, lists every changed test step for the Associate Controller to approve.

  • Drafts only; nothing is retested before approval
Grants accountant, Associate Controller, audit liaison

Confirm, sign, release. The agents propose; a named person decides.

Ask in plain words

Ask about any sample, finding or number

The assistant answers in plain words from the same evidence the agents used, with every answer cited to its source.

Why did sample 23 clear?

The purchase order is dated July 11, 2025 and the ERP shows the award ending June 30, 2025. The grants system has a no-cost extension notice sent June 12, 2025 moving the end to June 30, 2026, sent 18 days ahead, inside the 10-day rule. The purchase is in the period. I opened follow-up FU-118 to correct the ERP date.

Which findings repeat last year?

Two. DF-01, unsigned effort certifications, repeats 2025-003: 3 of 60 samples, $71,906. DF-05, enrollment changes reported late, repeats 2025-001. Finding 2025-002 on subrecipient risk assessments is fully corrected: 40 of 40 this year.

How were the major programs chosen?

Federal spending is $968,042,615, so the Type A threshold is $3,000,000. Research and Development and Student Financial Assistance had findings last year that are not yet corrected, and TRIO was not audited as major in either of the last two years, so all three are high risk. Coverage is 98.9% against the 20% a low-risk auditee needs. The external auditor decides; this is what to plan for.

Draw 10 more procurement samples over $350,000

Drawn with the same seed, 20260901-HSU-FY26: 10 purchases of $350,000 or more under requirement I, from 64 in the population. They are queued for tomorrow's 07:00 run and listed under Samples. The draw is on the audit trail.

Every screen

The working solution, as it ships.

13 screens from the working solution, on its sample data. Pick one to see it large.

Single audit preparation as a mock audit between two agentsHalden State University's federal awards schedule sits on top: $968,042,615 across 2,140 awards, tied to the general ledger, with three major programs (Research and Development $598.4M, Student Financial Assistance $352.6M and TRIO $6.2M) and 62 days to fieldwork. Below, the auditor agent tests sample 23, equipment bought eleven days after the award's end date in the ERP, and the preparer agent answers from the grants system with a no-cost extension notice.
The award period, the extension and the purchase on one lineSample 23 opened: the original period in the ERP ends June 30, 2025; the no-cost extension in the grants system runs to June 30, 2026; the purchase order of July 11, 2025 sits eleven days past the ERP date but inside the extension. The purchase order, award record, extension notice and property record are attached, each with its passage highlighted.
Every value opens the passage it came fromThe notice of no-cost extension for award R01NS124417, opened from its citation: sent June 12, 2025, revised end date June 30, 2026, from the grants system award file, page 1. The access is logged to the audit trail.
An unsigned effort certification, and a repeat audit findingSample 41: $38,412 of salary for a postdoctoral researcher at 60% on award CHE-2318406. The effort report matches payroll but was never certified; it was due March 2, 2026 and three reminders went unanswered. With samples 133 and 247, 3 of 60 compensation samples are unsigned, $71,906 in all, repeating finding 2025-003.
The finding and its single audit corrective action planDraft finding DF-01, proposed number 2026-001: criteria, condition, cause, effect, recommendation and $71,906 of known questioned costs, every sentence cited. Beside it, last year's finding 2025-003 and why its reminders-only corrective action did not hold. The corrective action plan names three actions, three owners and dates through December 31, 2026.
Only the Associate Controller signsRenata Okafor, Associate Controller for Sponsored Accounting, signs DF-01 and its plan with a management position code (SGN-01 agrees, SGN-02 agrees in part, SGN-03 disagrees), a response for the auditor, and a confirmation that she read the evidence for samples 41, 133 and 247. Priya Raman, who prepared it, cannot sign.
Signed two months before the auditors arriveDF-01 is signed by Renata Okafor on Tuesday, September 15, 2026, 62 days before fieldwork begins on November 16. The signature, the reason code and the evidence go on the audit trail.
The schedule of expenditures of federal awards, tied to the ledgerThe SEFA by cluster, agency and Assistance Listing number: $968,042,615. The reconciliation starts from $695,440,495 in the ledger, takes out $2,316,880 of institutional cost share and adds $268,904,000 of Direct Loans and $6,015,000 of Perkins balances, for a difference of $0. The ERP's own report said $970,359,495; the Schedule agent explained why and proposed three adjustments, each approved.
The single audit major program determination, and whyWith $968.0M of federal spending, the Type A threshold is $3,000,000. Research and Development and Student Financial Assistance had findings last year that are not yet corrected, and TRIO was not audited as major in FY2024 or FY2025, so all three are high risk. No Type B program needs a risk assessment, and major programs cover 98.9% of spending against the 20% a low-risk auditee needs.
Confirm the agents' clears in bulk, at or above the threshold420 samples drawn with seed 20260901-HSU-FY26: 389 random and 31 high-dollar. The grants accountant filters to the 25 agent clears waiting for confirmation, selects them and confirms them together; anything below 95% stays with a person.
Student aid tested under Title IV, with students masked100 Student Financial Assistance samples: eligibility 24 of 25, verification 24 of 25, return of aid 23 of 25, enrollment reporting 23 of 25. The exceptions, including a return made 52 days after determination (45 allowed) and withdrawals reported 71 and 64 days late (60 allowed), show students as ••••6182 and so on. A reveal needs a reason and is logged.
The auditor's PBC list of 360 requests, signed before releaseAshford & Vale LLP's request list: 240 released, 18 signed and ready to release, 27 ready for the Associate Controller, 75 being prepared, 9 past due and escalated. PBC-214, effort certifications for 60 compensation samples, is ready to sign.
Every decision on the record, ready to exportWho did what, when, why and on which evidence: Renata Okafor signing DF-01, the Finding drafter writing it, the auditor agent clearing sample 23 from the extension notice, the Supplement agent noting that the 2026 Compliance Supplement has not been issued. One export carries the schedule, the major-program workpaper, all 420 sample results, the signed findings, the release log and the agent versions.
Governance

Built for audit risk: cited, signed, on the record.

Six roles, separated by dutyA grants accountant confirms clears and approves adjustments; the Associate Controller signs; the audit liaison releases; the Director of Financial Aid decides aid samples; the external auditor reads released packages; an administrator handles settings and roles. A refused action says why.
Maker-checker on every finding and packageThe person who prepared a finding, a schedule or a request package cannot sign it. The Associate Controller signs, and only the liaison can release a package to the auditor, and only once it is signed.
A person stands behind every clearAn agent clears at or above the 95% threshold, and a person confirms it with a reason code, in bulk if they want. Below the threshold the sample goes to a named person with a due date, and rejecting an agent's result needs a reason code.
Every value cites its source passageEach test step, answer and finding sentence is cited. Click a citation and the passage opens with the value highlighted and the system and page named, and the access is logged.
Student records masked under FERPAStudent identifiers are masked everywhere. Only the Director of Financial Aid or the auditor can reveal one, with a reason, for one sample, and the reveal is logged. Records are kept seven years, then deleted.
One audit trail, one export packWho, what, when, why and which evidence, for people and agents alike. Agent and model versions are frozen for the audit year, settings change as new versions on the trail, and the audit pack exports with a SHA-256 manifest.
Configuration

Your audit rules, not ours

How samples are drawn, when an agent's clear needs a person and how student records are handled are settings, versioned and on the audit trail.

SettingDefaultChoose from
Random seed20260901-HSU-FY26, recordedRe-drawing with the same seed returns the same items
High-dollar amount$100,000$50,000 · $100,000 · $250,000
Sample size table25 · 40 · 60By population and assessed risk, as the external auditor sizes samples
Clear threshold95%90% · 95% · 98%; a person confirms every agent clear
Compliance Supplement edition2025 in useChanged test steps approved before any retest
Student recordsMasked; reveal with a reasonKept seven years; the federal minimum is three after the report is accepted
ClocksNeeds you: 3 business daysPackages signed 5 business days before due; past-due escalation after 3
Agent and model versionsFrozen August 20Changes go to the administrator and the Associate Controller
Connections

Works with the systems a finance office already runs on

ERPgeneral ledger, accounts payable and capital assets
Grants systemawards, notices, extensions and subawards
Effort reporting and payrolleffort reports, certifications and payroll distributions
Financial aid systemPell, loans, verification, return of aid and enrollment records
Document managementsigned forms and the documents behind each request
Federal audit clearinghouse submissionwhere the reporting package goes; the auditor's portal receives released packages only
What it changes

The difference, in numbers.

Every figure is labelled: a target the solution is built to, an estimate, a typical published result, or a proven one.

demo
62days
before fieldwork, a repeat finding signed with its corrective plan
Signed September 15
fieldwork begins November 16
demo
$0
difference between the $968,042,615 schedule and the ledger
ERP report$970,359,495
Schedule$968,042,615
target
Weeksto days
of gathering prepared-by-client evidence

Sources: 2 CFR 200.501, 200.511, 200.512, 200.518 and 200.520 (Uniform Guidance, as revised for fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2024) · 2 CFR 200.308(e)(2) (no-cost extensions) · 34 CFR 668.22 (return of Title IV funds, 45 days) · a state legislative auditor's 2023 statewide Single Audit (18 of 31 findings repeated) · "target" = design goal, measured in a pilot · "demo" = seen in the working solution, on its sample data · "typical" = published figures and rules · "estimated" = our arithmetic, kept modest. Halden State University, Ashford & Vale LLP and the people named on this page are fictional: characters and sample data in the working solution.

Questions

What finance offices ask about single audit preparation.

What is Single Audit Preparation?

Single Audit Preparation is a set of agents that prepares a college or university for its single audit by running a mock audit before fieldwork. Seven agents build the schedule of expenditures of federal awards and tie it to the ledger, work out the expected major programs, test samples the way the external auditor will, and draft findings and corrective action plans. Grants accountants confirm what clears, and the Associate Controller signs every finding and every package before the auditor sees it.

What is a single audit, and what is the threshold?

A Single Audit is the audit of federal awards required by 2 CFR 200 Subpart F. For fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 2024, it applies to any non-federal entity that spends $1,000,000 or more of federal awards in a year; the threshold was $750,000. The reporting package is due no later than nine months after the fiscal year ends.

What goes in a single audit corrective action plan?

Under 2 CFR 200.511(c), the plan names the corrective action, the contact person and the completion date for each finding. In the working solution, the plan for DF-01 has three actions, three owners and dates through December 31, 2026, and adds the escalation that last year's reminders-only plan lacked.

How does it work out the major programs?

The Major Program agent applies 2 CFR 200.518 to 200.520 to the signed schedule and the last two years of findings: the Type A threshold, each program's risk with its reason, any Type B assessment and the coverage. It shows what would change the determination, such as a material weakness removing low-risk status and raising coverage from 20% to 40%. The external auditor decides; this is what to plan for.

What happens when a new Compliance Supplement is issued?

The Supplement agent checks daily for a new edition. When one is issued, it compares it with the edition in use, requirement by requirement, and lists every changed test step for the Associate Controller to approve before any sample is retested. In the working solution, testing stays on the 2025 edition because the 2026 edition has not been issued.

Do people stay in control of every finding?

Yes. The agents test, answer and draft; they never post an entry, edit a source record, send a finding or release a package. A person confirms every agent clear, samples below the threshold go to a named person, and only the Associate Controller can sign a finding, its plan, the schedule or a request package. Only the audit liaison can release a signed package.

How are student records protected in the aid tests?

Student identifiers are masked throughout, including in request packages. Only the Director of Financial Aid or the auditor can reveal a student, with a reason, for one sample, and every reveal is logged. Records are kept seven years, then deleted.

How long does it take to go live?

The Agentic Solution Engine builds and deploys it from your requirements and documents, such as your award list, last year's findings and the auditor's request list, and it goes live once every quality gate has passed. We will walk you through it on your own awards first.

See it on
your federal awards.

We'll run Single Audit Preparation on a sample of your own awards, ledger and last year's findings.